A loss and damage (L&D) fund has been established to support particularly vulnerable developing countries. L&D funding needs, entitlements and necessary contributions can be quantified using climate economics coupled with historical responsibility principles; for the year 2025, total L&D funding needs are estimated to be US $395 [128–937] billion.
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Acknowledgements
P.A. and M.C. acknowledge support from European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101056873 (ELEVATE). M.T. acknowledges funding from the European Union ERC Grant project No 101044703 (EUNICE). R.M. and T.D. acknowledge support from the Zurich Flood Resilience Alliance.
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M.T. conceived the article. M.T. and P.A. developed the model for quantifying L&D. All authors reviewed the literature and wrote the paper.
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Tavoni, M., Andreoni, P., Calcaterra, M. et al. Economic quantification of Loss and Damage funding needs. Nat Rev Earth Environ 5, 411–413 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-024-00565-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-024-00565-7
